Large-scale integration CPUs

The MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor), also known as the MOS transistor, was invented by Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959, and demonstrated in 1960.^[41] 

This led to the development of the MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) integrated circuit, proposed by Atalla in 1960^[42] and Kahng in 1961, and then fabricated by Fred Heiman and Steven Hofstein at RCA in 1962.^[41] With its high scalability,^[43] and much lower power consumption and higher density than bipolar junction transistors,^[44] the MOSFET made it possible to build high-density integrated circuits.^[45][46]